New guidelines from the American Academy of Pediatrics now allow people with HIV to breastfeed their babies if they are taking medication to suppress the virus. These medications have been proven to reduce the risk of transmitting HIV through breast milk to less than 1%. Dr. Lisa Abuogi, a pediatric HIV expert, emphasizes the importance of shared decision-making between healthcare providers and parents.

While antiretroviral therapy significantly decreases the risk of transmission, complete elimination of risk can only be achieved by avoiding breastfeeding altogether. Additionally, exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months is recommended to prevent disruptions in the infant’s gut, which can increase the risk of HIV infection.

The updated policy reflects a shift in recommendations, with the National Institutes of Health and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention also modifying their guidelines. In developing countries, the World Health Organization recommends breastfeeding for women with HIV due to limitations in safe alternatives. However, in developed nations, formula and donor milk are widely available, making breastfeeding less necessary.

These changes have provided hope for individuals like Ci Ci Covin, who was previously denied the option to breastfeed but successfully nursed her second child with medical support. The new guidelines are expected to influence healthcare providers to support breastfeeding for HIV-positive individuals, reflecting evolving perspectives on the matter.