Scientists have found out more about the genes that control social behaviour. They have particularly studied the gene GTF2I. This gene is important for people with Williams’ syndrome, who tend to be very social. Some people have the opposite genetic change and this typically results in autism and difficulties socialising.
In the study, scientists used special stem cells to create tiny versions of human brains. These were missing the GTF2I gene. As a result, this made clear that the gene was necessary for normal social behaviour. Researchers saw that the absence of the GTF2I led to increased cell death, and problems with connections between brain cells.
By understanding the importance of this gene, it may be possible to create treatments. These could improve social activities for people with problems like autism. For example, it might be possible to increase or decrease the action of GTF2I. Such treatments could make socialising easier for people with autism.
Understanding the action of this gene also helps us to appreciate how humans have evolved to become social animals. Humans are naturally sociable and are able to collaborate and cooperate. This has led to many important achievements. By studying the GTF2I gene, we can gain a better understanding of how this works.
Overall, this study helps to explain why some people are more social than others and it offers the possibility of finding ways to help those who find socialising more difficult. It’s an important step in understanding how our brains manage social behaviour.
Vocabulary List:
- Genes (noun): Units of heredity that are passed down from parents to offspring and determine traits.
- Social behaviour (noun): Actions and interactions between individuals within a group or society.
- Syndrome (noun): A group of symptoms or traits that occur together and indicate a particular condition or disorder.
- Autism (noun): A developmental disorder characterized by difficulties in social interaction and communication.
- Stem cells (noun): Undifferentiated cells that have the ability to develop into different cell types.
- Collaborate (verb): To work together with others to achieve a common goal.
