A recent analysis by Cochrane has indicated that supplementing with zinc may help reduce the duration of common cold symptoms by approximately two days. However, the evidence is not definitive, and potential side effects need to be considered.
Zinc has been promoted as a remedy for the common cold since the 1980s, particularly in the United States. It is an essential mineral that plays a role in immune function and can be found naturally in various foods. While most people in high-income countries receive an adequate amount of zinc through their diet, deficiencies may occur in older individuals or those with certain chronic conditions.
The mechanism behind zinc-based lozenges, sprays, and syrups is that zinc may interfere with viral replication in the nose, mouth, and throat. Although laboratory and animal studies have shown promising results, further research in humans is needed to confirm these findings.
A review of 19 trials on zinc as a treatment and 15 as a preventive measure found varying results. While there is low-certainty evidence that zinc may reduce the duration of cold symptoms by around two days, the impact on symptom severity remains inconclusive. Additionally, side effects such as gastrointestinal issues and an unpleasant taste were reported in some trials.
Assistant Professor Daryl Nault emphasizes the importance of consulting a healthcare provider before using zinc as a cold treatment due to limited evidence and potential adverse effects. More standardized research is necessary to understand the effectiveness of zinc in managing the common cold better.
In conclusion, while zinc shows promise in reducing the duration of cold symptoms, more rigorous studies are needed to ascertain its benefits and potential risks. The study was supported by the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health.
