Scientists at the National University of Singapore have adapted photosynthesis, the process plants use to convert sunlight into energy, to treat dry eye syndrome. This condition, causing discomfort to over a billion people globally, might soon have a new treatment option.
Researchers have used photosynthetic components from spinach, applying them as eye drops to human and mice eye cells with dry eye disease. When exposed to light, these components started producing NADPH. This molecule acts like a chemical battery, helping cells fight harmful damage.
NADPH plays a key role in reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS), which cause inflammation and stress in dry eye syndrome. Early results are promising, suggesting that the soreness of dry eyes might be eased through this light-powered solution.
This innovation, named LEAF—light-reaction enriched thylakoid NADPH-foundry—uses components of chloroplasts, the structures responsible for photosynthesis in plants. Spinach was selected for its high chloroplast yield and easy extraction process, making it a cost-effective choice.
In tests, NADPH generated by light reduced ROS activity and helped corneal cells return to a protective state. This approach also showed success with tears from patients suffering from dry eye, decreasing harmful oxidants significantly.
LEAF has potential beyond dry eye treatment, possibly aiding other inflammatory conditions by protecting tissues exposed to light. Though human trials are next, and more research is needed, especially for long-term effects, preparations for clinical trials are underway.
The study was published in the journal Cell.
